Gary R. Kremer is executive director emeritus of the State Historical Society of Missouri and a senior fellow at the Center for Missouri Studies.

Articles Authored

Kenneth Brown Billups Sr. [National Association of Negro Musicians]
Kenneth Brown Billups Sr. (1918–1985)

Kenneth Brown Billups Sr. was born in St. Louis, Missouri, on April 14, 1918, the son of…

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Nathaniel C. Bruce (right) and an unidentified student from the Bartlett Agricultural and Industrial School. [State Historical Society of Missouri photo collections]
Nathaniel C. Bruce (1868?–1942)

Although his date of birth remains uncertain, Nathaniel C. Bruce was probably born in 1868…

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George Washington Carver. [Courtesy of Tuskegee University Archives]
George Washington Carver (1865?–1943)

Historians have been unable to determine the exact date, or even year, of George Washington Carver’s birth.…

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Oliver Cromwell Cox as he appeared in Lincoln University’s yearbook in 1962. [The Archives, Lincoln University, 1962]
Oliver Cromwell Cox (1901–1974)

Oliver Cromwell Cox was arguably one of the most controversial mid-twentieth-century social…

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Emma R. Knell, circa 1926. [State Historical Society of Missouri, Knell Family Photographs Collection, P0708-015517]
Emma R. Knell (1877–1963)

Emma R. Knell, a businesswoman and politician, was born in Moline, Illinois, on October 21…

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